伪方块

intermediate

伪方块

创建碰撞体
基础组件
实体旋转对齐
实体位置对齐
破损纹理效果

有时您的方块需要实现Minecraft原生不支持的功能。一个可行的解决方案是创建能模拟方块特性的实体。

创建碰撞体

固体实体教程介绍了四种创建碰撞体的方法，涉及runtime_identifiers、方块和组件等不同技术。

基础组件

以下组件是使实体具备方块行为的关键。注意不要添加"minecraft:physics": {}组件，否则实体会下坠或与水/岩浆等方块发生异常碰撞。

BP/entities/your_entity.json#minecraft:entity/components

json

{
    // 击退抗性确保实体不会被其他生物撞离原位
    "minecraft:knockback_resistance": {
        "value": 1
    },
    // 控制实体是否可被推动
    "minecraft:pushable": {
        "is_pushable": false,
        "is_pushable_by_piston": true
    },
    // 设置实体可推动其他实体的距离
    "minecraft:push_through": {
        "value": 1
    },
    // 使实体无敌
    "minecraft:damage_sensor": {
        "triggers": [
            {
                "deals_damage": false,
                "cause": "all"
            }
        ]
    }
}

实体旋转对齐

需要通过数学计算实现实体旋转对齐：

json

"rotation": [ 0, "-q.body_y_rotation + (Math.round(q.body_y_rotation / 90) * 90)", 0 ]

将此代码应用于模型核心文件夹（包含其他组件的文件夹）的动画中，确保X轴和Z轴枢轴点为0以避免视觉错误。同时不要添加以下组件：

"minecraft:behavior.look_at_entity": {}
"minecraft:behavior.look_at_player": {}
"minecraft:behavior.look_at_target": {}

因为这些组件会改变目标Y轴旋转，进而影响身体Y轴旋转导致模型移动。同样不要添加行走类组件。

实体位置对齐

位置对齐的实现更为复杂：

首先在minecraft:entity_spawned事件中，通过queue_command创建临时方块，并生成一个带转换事件的虚拟实体，避免重复触发生成事件。

BP/entities/your_entity.json#minecraft:entity/events

json

// 原实体中的事件
"minecraft:entity_spawned": {
    "add": {
        "components_groups": [
            "despawn" // 需要同时移除初始实体
        ]
    },
    "queue_command": {
        "command": ["setblock ~~~ wiki:align"]
    }
}

BP/entities/your_entity.json#minecraft:entity/component_groups

json

// 原实体中的组件组
"component_groups": {
    "despawn": {
        "minecraft:despawn": {}
    }
}

用于在方块中心生成虚拟实体的特殊方块：

BP/blocks/your_dummy_block.json

json

{
    "format_version": "1.21.70",
    "minecraft:block": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:align"
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:light_dampening": 0,
            "minecraft:collision_box": false,
            "minecraft:selection_box": false,
            "minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/empty.json",
            "minecraft:geometry": "geometry.empty",
            "minecraft:material_instances": {
                "*": {
                    "texture": "wiki:empty"
                }
            },
            "minecraft:destructible_by_mining": {
                "seconds_to_destroy": 2
            },
            "minecraft:custom_components": ["wiki:align_entity"]
        }
    }
}

自定义组件脚本将利用beforeOnPlayerPlace事件来阻止方块放置并生成实体：

import { world } from "@minecraft/server";

/** @type {import("@minecraft/server").BlockCustomComponent} */
const BlockAlignEntityComponent = {
    beforeOnPlayerPlace(event) {
        event.cancel = true;

        const location = event.block.center();
        event.dimension.spawnEntity("wiki:dummy_align", location);
    },
};

world.beforeEvents.worldInitialize.subscribe(({ blockComponentRegistry }) => {
    blockComponentRegistry.registerCustomComponent("wiki:align_entity", BlockAlignEntityComponent);
});

BP/entities/your_dummy_entity.json

json

{
    "format_version": "1.13.0",
    "minecraft:entity": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:dummy_align", // 虚拟实体用于避免触发原实体的生成事件
            "is_spawnable": false,
            "is_summonable": true,
            "is_experimental": false
        },
        "component_groups": {
            "transform": {
                "minecraft:transformation": {
                    "into": "wiki:your_entity",
                    "delay": 0
                }
            }
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:physics": {
                "has_gravity": false
            },
            "minecraft:collision_box": {
                "width": 0.1,
                "height": 0.1
            },
            "minecraft:damage_sensor": {
                "triggers": {
                    "cause": "all",
                    "deals_damage": false
                }
            }
        },
        "events": {
            "minecraft:entity_spawned": {
                "add": {
                    "component_groups": ["transform"]
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

破损纹理效果

原版方块在被破坏时会显示裂纹纹理。以下是如何为实体添加此效果：

首先在实体文件中添加纹理，建议直接使用原版纹理以保证资源包兼容性：

RP/entity/your_entity.json#description

json

{
    "textures": {
        "default": "textures/entity/your_texture",
        "destroy_stage_0": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_0",
        "destroy_stage_1": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_1",
        "destroy_stage_2": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_2",
        "destroy_stage_3": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_3",
        "destroy_stage_4": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_4",
        "destroy_stage_5": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_5",
        "destroy_stage_6": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_6",
        "destroy_stage_7": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_7",
        "destroy_stage_8": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_8",
        "destroy_stage_9": "textures/environment/destroy_stage_9"
    }
}

添加一个所有立方体都膨胀0.1的几何体以避免Z轴冲突：

RP/entity/your_entity.json#description

json

{
    "geometry": {
        "default": "geometry.your_geometry",
        "broken": "geometry.broken"
    }
}

最后添加新的渲染控制器来选择不同破损阶段的纹理（注意保留原有控制器）：

RP/render_controllers/my_entity.json

json

{
    "controller.render.broken": {
        "arrays": {
            "textures": {
                "array.broken": [
                    "texture.destroy_stage_9",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_8",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_7",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_6",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_5",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_4",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_3",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_2",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_1",
                    "texture.destroy_stage_0",
                    "texture.normal"
                ]
            }
        },
        "geometry": "Geometry.broken",
        "materials": [
            {
                "*": "Material.default"
            }
        ],
        "textures": [
            // 根据实体生命值计算纹理阶段：10生命值保持原式，20生命值改为0.5，40生命值改为0.25...
            "array.broken[q.health * 1]" 
        ]
    }
}